Geometry — Congruence

Lines, Angles & Parallelograms

🔷 Geometry — Congruence
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Lines, Angles & Parallelograms

Prove theorems about parallel lines and parallelograms using angle relationships.

When a transversal crosses two parallel lines, specific angle pair relationships are formed. These relationships — alternate interior angles, corresponding angles, co-interior (same-side interior) angles — form the foundation of most geometric proofs.

Angle Pair Relationships (parallel lines)

Corresponding angles: equal (∠1 = ∠5)Alternate interior angles: equal (∠3 = ∠6)Co-interior (same-side interior) angles: supplementary (∠3 + ∠5 = 180°)
Sum of interior angles of a triangle: A+B+C=180\text{Sum of interior angles of a triangle: } \angle A + \angle B + \angle C = 180^\circ
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A parallelogram has: opposite sides parallel and equal, opposite angles equal, and diagonals that bisect each other.

Parallelogram: ABCD,  AB=CD,  BCAD,  BC=AD\text{Parallelogram: } AB \parallel CD,\; AB = CD,\; BC \parallel AD,\; BC = AD
📐Exterior Angle Theorem
An exterior angle of a triangle equals the sum of the two non-adjacent interior angles. If ∠A = 40° and ∠B = 75°, the exterior angle at C equals 40° + 75° = 115°.
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Remember This!

In any proof involving parallel lines, explicitly state which lines are parallel and which transversal you are using before citing an angle relationship theorem.

✏️ Try It!

Two parallel lines are cut by a transversal. If one alternate interior angle measures 68°, what does the other measure?

Take Quiz 📝 — 25 Questions