Functions — Advanced

Composition & Inverse Functions

📊 Functions — Advanced
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Composition & Inverse Functions

Combine functions through composition and "undo" them with inverses.

The composition f∘g (read "f of g") applies g first, then f. The inverse function f⁻¹ reverses the action of f — applying f then f⁻¹ returns you to the original input.

(fg)(x)=f(g(x))(f \circ g)(x) = f(g(x))
f(f1(x))=xandf1(f(x))=xf(f^{-1}(x)) = x \quad \text{and} \quad f^{-1}(f(x)) = x

Finding the Inverse Function

1Replace f(x) with y.
2Swap x and y.
3Solve for y.
4Replace y with f⁻¹(x).
5Verify: check that f(f⁻¹(x)) = x.
f(x)=3x7    y=3x7    x=3y7    y=x+73    f1(x)=x+73f(x) = 3x - 7 \implies y = 3x - 7 \implies x = 3y - 7 \implies y = \frac{x+7}{3} \implies f^{-1}(x) = \frac{x+7}{3}
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The graph of f⁻¹ is the reflection of the graph of f across the line y = x.

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Remember This!

A function has an inverse function if and only if it is one-to-one (passes the horizontal line test). Restricted domains can make non-one-to-one functions invertible.

✏️ Try It!

If f(x) = 2x + 5, what is f⁻¹(x)?

Take Quiz 📝 — 24 Questions