📊 Functions — Advanced
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Piecewise Functions

Define and interpret functions with different rules on different intervals.

A piecewise function uses different formulas over different parts of its domain. The absolute value function is a classic example. Piecewise functions model real-world scenarios where rules change based on thresholds (tax brackets, shipping rates, etc.).

f(x)={x2if x<02x+1if 0x<37if x3f(x) = \begin{cases} x^2 & \text{if } x < 0 \\ 2x + 1 & \text{if } 0 \leq x < 3 \\ 7 & \text{if } x \geq 3 \end{cases}
x={xif x0xif x<0|x| = \begin{cases} x & \text{if } x \geq 0 \\ -x & \text{if } x < 0 \end{cases}

Evaluating a Piecewise Function

1Identify which piece's domain the input x belongs to.
2Use that piece's formula to evaluate.
3At boundary points, check which piece claims the boundary (open vs. closed intervals).
💡Evaluating f(−2), f(1), and f(3)
Using the function above: f(−2) = (−2)² = 4 (first piece). f(1) = 2(1)+1 = 3 (second piece). f(3) = 7 (third piece, since 3 ≥ 3).
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Remember This!

Check continuity at the boundary points: compute both one-sided limits and check if they equal the function value. If they differ, there is a jump discontinuity.

✏️ Try It!

For f(x) = {x + 3 if x ≤ 1, x² − 1 if x > 1}, what is f(1) + f(2)?

Take Quiz 📝 — 25 Questions