Geometry
GradesGrade 4GeometryLines, Line Segments, Rays & Angles

Lines, Line Segments, Rays & Angles

📐 Geometry
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Lines, Line Segments, Rays & Angles

Geometry starts with the most basic building blocks: points, lines, and rays!

Geometry is built on fundamental parts. A POINT is an exact location with no size. A LINE goes on forever in BOTH directions. A LINE SEGMENT has two endpoints — it starts and stops. A RAY has one endpoint and goes on forever in ONE direction. An ANGLE is two rays sharing an endpoint (the vertex).

Line (∞ in both directions)

← ────────── →No endpointsNotation: line AB, written with double arrows over AB

Line Segment (has endpoints)

• ──────── •Two endpoints A and BNotation: segment AB, written with a bar over AB

Ray (∞ in one direction)

• ──────────→One endpoint, continues forever on one sideNotation: ray AB, written with a single arrow over AB

Line segments are the most common in everyday shapes — every side of a polygon is a line segment!

Parts of an angle:

Vertex (the shared point)Ray 1 (one side)Ray 2 (other side)Arc (shows the angle measurement)

The two rays meet at the vertex. We measure the opening between them in degrees.

🕐Rays on a clock
Think of the clock hands as two rays starting from the center.
At 3:00, the hands form a RIGHT angle (90°).
At 6:00, the hands form a STRAIGHT angle (180°).
At 12:00, the hands overlap — the angle is 0°!

How to name an angle:

1Use three letters: a point on one ray, the VERTEX, a point on the other ray
2The vertex is always the MIDDLE letter
3Example: ∠ABC — B is the vertex, A is on one ray, C on the other
4You can also name it by just the vertex if it is unambiguous: ∠B
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Remember This!

Remember: a LINE has no endpoints (it keeps going), a SEGMENT has two (it stops on both ends), and a RAY has one (it starts but never stops on one side). Like the sun's rays — they start at the sun and keep going!

✏️ Try It!

Which geometric figure has exactly ONE endpoint and goes on forever in one direction?

Take Quiz 📝 — 25 Questions