The Number System
GradesSixth GradeThe Number SystemNegative Numbers & the Coordinate Plane

Negative Numbers & the Coordinate Plane

🔢 The Number System
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Negative Numbers & the Coordinate Plane

Numbers extend in both directions — below zero is real too.

Negative numbers are numbers less than zero. On a number line, positive numbers are to the right and negative numbers are to the left. The absolute value of a number is its distance from zero, always non-negative. Extending both axes into negative territory creates a four-quadrant coordinate plane.

The Four Quadrants

Quadrant I: (+x, +y) — upper rightQuadrant II: (−x, +y) — upper leftQuadrant III: (−x, −y) — lower leftQuadrant IV: (+x, −y) — lower right

Quadrants are numbered counterclockwise starting from upper right.

7=75=50=0|-7| = 7 \quad |5| = 5 \quad |0| = 0
🌡️Real-World Negatives
Temperature: −10°C is 10 degrees below zero. Elevation: −300 ft means 300 feet below sea level. Debt: −$50 means you owe $50. In each case, the absolute value tells you "how far" from the reference point.
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Remember This!

To order negative numbers, think of the number line. Numbers further left are always less. −8 < −3 < 0 < 2 < 7. A larger absolute value in the negative direction means a smaller number.

✏️ Try It!

The point (−3, 4) is located in which quadrant?

Take Quiz 📝 — 25 Questions