Grade 8 The Number System Practice

Question 1 of 33Score 0/0Medium

Question 1 of 33: What type of number is 0.12112111211112โ€ฆ?

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Answer key for parents & teachers (33 questions)
  1. What type of number is 0.12112111211112โ€ฆ? โ€” Irrational โ€” pattern never exactly repeats. Although it has a pattern, the block length keeps growing so it never forms a true repeating decimal. It is irrational.
  2. Is the product of two irrational numbers always irrational? โ€” No โ€” โˆš2 ร— โˆš2 = 2 is rational. โˆš2 ร— โˆš2 = 2, a rational number. This is a counterexample showing the product need not be irrational.
  3. Which number has a terminating decimal expansion? โ€” 3/8. 3/8 = 0.375 (terminates). The denominators 3, 7, and 9 have prime factors other than 2 and 5, giving repeating decimals.
  4. Is the sum of a rational number and an irrational number rational or irrational? โ€” Always irrational. Adding a nonzero rational to an irrational always yields an irrational. E.g., 1 + โˆš2 is irrational.
  5. A classmate says "All decimals are irrational." What is the best counterexample? โ€” 0.5 = 1/2 is a terminating decimal and is rational. 0.5 is both a decimal and a rational number, directly disproving the claim.
  6. If โˆšn is irrational, what can you conclude about n? โ€” n is not a perfect square. A square root is irrational if and only if the radicand is not a perfect square. Odd/prime/large are irrelevant โ€” โˆš4 = 2 is rational.
  7. Classify: the cube root ยณโˆš8. โ€” Rational โ€” ยณโˆš8 = 2. ยณโˆš8 = 2 because 2ยณ = 8. It equals an integer, so it is rational.
  8. Which decimal represents an irrational number? โ€” 3.14159265โ€ฆ (non-repeating, non-terminating). Only non-terminating, non-repeating decimals are irrational. The other three are rational.
  9. The set of irrational numbers is a subset of which larger set? โ€” Real numbers. Real numbers = rational โˆช irrational. Irrational numbers are real but are not rational, integer, or whole.
  10. Which property distinguishes the rational numbers from the irrational numbers? โ€” Rational numbers can be expressed as a ratio of integers; irrationals cannot. The defining property is the ability (or inability) to write the number as p/q with integer p, q and q โ‰  0.
  11. Evaluate: Is (โˆš3)ยฒ rational or irrational? โ€” Rational โ€” (โˆš3)ยฒ = 3. (โˆš3)ยฒ = 3, a positive integer. Squaring the square root cancels the radical.
  12. To place โˆš30 on a number line, you first determine it is between 5 and 6. Which test narrows it further? โ€” Try 5.5: 5.5ยฒ = 30.25, so โˆš30 < 5.5. 5.5ยฒ = 30.25 > 30, so โˆš30 must be slightly less than 5.5. This narrows the interval to (5, 5.5).
  13. Which of these is the best approximation for โˆš52? โ€” 7.2. 7.2ยฒ = 51.84 โ‰ˆ 52, which is much closer than the other choices. (7.21ยฒ โ‰ˆ 51.98)
  14. A number line shows integers 4, 5, 6. Where should โˆš26 be placed? โ€” Between 5 and 6, closer to 5. 5ยฒ = 25, so โˆš26 is just above 5. 5.1ยฒ = 26.01, confirming โˆš26 โ‰ˆ 5.1, which is closer to 5 than to 6.
  15. Which value is closest to โˆš80? โ€” 8.9. 8.9ยฒ = 79.21 and 9.0ยฒ = 81. โˆš80 โ‰ˆ 8.944, so 8.9 is the closest listed value.
  16. If you know 6ยฒ = 36 and 7ยฒ = 49, where does โˆš40 fall on the number line? โ€” Between 6 and 7, closer to 6. 6.3ยฒ = 39.69 and 6.4ยฒ = 40.96, so โˆš40 โ‰ˆ 6.32, which is closer to 6 than to 7.
  17. A student says โˆš18 โ‰ˆ 4.2. Is this a good approximation? โ€” Yes โ€” 4.2ยฒ = 17.64, which is close to 18. 4.2ยฒ = 17.64 and 4.24ยฒ โ‰ˆ 17.98. The approximation 4.2 is reasonable; the true value is about 4.243.
  18. โˆš150 is closest to which value? โ€” 12.2. 12ยฒ = 144 and 13ยฒ = 169, so โˆš150 is between 12 and 13. 12.2ยฒ = 148.84 and 12.3ยฒ = 151.29, so โˆš150 โ‰ˆ 12.2.
  19. If a square has area 50 mยฒ, what is the approximate side length? โ€” 7.1 m. Side = โˆš50 โ‰ˆ 7.07 m. Since 7ยฒ = 49 and 7.1ยฒ = 50.41, the side is approximately 7.1 m.
  20. Which number is between โˆš8 and โˆš15? โ€” โˆš12. โˆš8 โ‰ˆ 2.83 and โˆš15 โ‰ˆ 3.87. โˆš12 โ‰ˆ 3.46, which falls in that range. โˆš2 < โˆš8, โˆš16 = 4 > โˆš15, โˆš7 < โˆš8.
  21. A tile is square with area 72 inยฒ. Between which two whole-number inch lengths is the side? โ€” 8 in and 9 in. 8ยฒ = 64 < 72 < 81 = 9ยฒ, so the side โˆš72 is between 8 and 9 inches.
  22. A student estimates โˆš35 โ‰ˆ 6. Without a calculator, is this estimate too high, too low, or exact? โ€” Too high โ€” 6ยฒ = 36 > 35. 6ยฒ = 36 > 35, meaning 6 is slightly above โˆš35 โ‰ˆ 5.916. The estimate is too high.
  23. The density property of real numbers states that: โ€” Between any two real numbers there is always another real number. Density means you can always find a real number between any two given real numbers โ€” there are no "jumps."
  24. Which of the following is an example of closure under addition for real numbers? โ€” 3.7 + โˆš2 is a real number. Closure under addition means the sum of any two real numbers is also a real number.
  25. Is the set of irrational numbers closed under addition? โ€” No โ€” โˆš2 + (โˆ’โˆš2) = 0, which is rational. โˆš2 + (โˆ’โˆš2) = 0, a rational number. This counterexample shows irrationals are not closed under addition.
  26. Which property justifies: a ร— (b ร— c) = (a ร— b) ร— c? โ€” Associative property of multiplication. Regrouping factors โ€” without changing their order โ€” is the associative property of multiplication.
  27. Using the distributive property, simplify: 7(3 + x) โˆ’ 7(3). โ€” 7x. 7(3 + x) = 21 + 7x, then 21 + 7x โˆ’ 21 = 7x. Distributing then combining like terms.
  28. The real number line is "complete." This means: โ€” Every point on the line corresponds to a real number and vice versa. Completeness means there is a one-to-one correspondence between real numbers and points on the number line โ€” no gaps exist.
  29. Which property allows you to rewrite 2x + 2y as 2(x + y)? โ€” Distributive property (in reverse โ€” factoring). 2x + 2y = 2(x + y) is the distributive property applied in reverse (factoring out the common factor 2).
  30. Justify: โˆ’3(x โˆ’ 4) = โˆ’3x + 12. โ€” Distributive property: โˆ’3 ร— x = โˆ’3x and โˆ’3 ร— (โˆ’4) = +12. Distribute โˆ’3 over (x โˆ’ 4): (โˆ’3)(x) = โˆ’3x and (โˆ’3)(โˆ’4) = 12.
  31. The property that ensures the product of any real number and 0 is 0 is called the: โ€” Zero product property (multiplication property of zero). The multiplication property of zero states a ร— 0 = 0 for any real a.
  32. Which pair of numbers are additive inverses? โ€” โˆš5 and โˆ’โˆš5. Additive inverses sum to 0: โˆš5 + (โˆ’โˆš5) = 0. The others do not sum to zero.
  33. Simplify using properties: 4 ยท (1/4) ยท x. โ€” x. 4 ร— (1/4) = 1 by the multiplicative inverse property, and 1 ร— x = x by the identity property.