A scatter plot displays: — Pairs of values for two numerical variables.A scatter plot displays bivariate data — each point represents a pair of values for two numerical variables.
Positive association in a scatter plot means: — As x increases, y tends to increase.Positive association: both variables tend to increase together. Points slope up from left to right.
Negative association in a scatter plot means: — As x increases, y tends to decrease.Negative association: as one variable increases, the other decreases. Points slope down from left to right.
Which of these describes NO association in a scatter plot? — Points are scattered with no clear pattern.No association: the points are randomly scattered with no discernible trend or direction.
Which pair of variables would most likely show a POSITIVE association? — Height and shoe size.Taller people generally have larger feet. Height and shoe size have a positive association.
Which pair of variables would most likely show a NEGATIVE association? — Absences and grade.More absences → lower grades. Absences and grade have a negative association.
Which axis in a scatter plot typically shows the dependent variable? — y-axis (vertical).By convention, the dependent variable (output/response) goes on the y-axis, and the independent variable (input/predictor) goes on the x-axis.
A scatter plot of shoe size vs. IQ shows no pattern. This means: — Shoe size and IQ are not associated.No visible pattern = no association. Shoe size and IQ have no meaningful relationship.
A scatter plot has 5 points that form a nearly perfect line. The association is: — Strong linear.A nearly perfect line indicates strong linear association — the variables are closely related in a linear way.
The x-axis in a bivariate scatter plot represents: — The independent variable.The x-axis shows the independent (input) variable. The y-axis shows the dependent (output) variable.
A line of best fit is used to: — Model the trend and make predictions from a scatter plot.A line of best fit (trend line) models the linear pattern in the data and allows predictions for new x values.
A good line of best fit should have: — Roughly equal numbers of points above and below.A well-drawn line of best fit has approximately equal numbers of data points above and below it.
The equation of a line of best fit is y = 3x + 5. What does it predict for x = 4? — 17.y = 3(4) + 5 = 12 + 5 = 17.
The equation y = −2x + 100 models the line of best fit for altitude (x, in miles) vs. temperature (y, in °F). What does the slope −2 mean? — Temperature decreases by 2°F for every mile increase in altitude.Slope = −2: for each 1-unit increase in x (altitude), y (temperature) decreases by 2. Negative slope means inverse relationship.
What is INTERPOLATION in the context of lines of best fit? — Predicting within the range of the data.Interpolation is predicting values within the range of x-values in your data. It is generally more reliable than extrapolation.
What is EXTRAPOLATION? — Predicting outside the data range.Extrapolation is predicting values outside the range of x-values in your data. Results can be unreliable since patterns may not hold beyond the data.
A scatter plot shows a strong positive linear association. The line of best fit has: — Positive slope.Strong positive linear association → line of best fit has a positive slope (rises from left to right).
y = 4x + 6 is the line of best fit. What does this model predict when x = 0? — 6.When x = 0: y = 4(0) + 6 = 6. The y-intercept (6) is the predicted y value when x = 0.
The slope of a line of best fit represents: — How fast y changes for each unit increase in x.Slope = rate of change of y with respect to x. It tells you how much y changes for each 1-unit increase in x.
A two-way table organizes data for: — Two categorical variables simultaneously.A two-way (contingency) table organizes data for two categorical variables — rows represent one category, columns represent another.
The value inside an individual cell of a two-way table is called a: — Joint frequency.A joint frequency is the count in any interior cell — it represents items belonging to BOTH the row category AND the column category.
A row total or column total in a two-way table is called a: — Marginal frequency.Marginal frequencies are the totals at the margins of the table (row totals and column totals).
Use this table: 30 boys prefer soccer, 20 girls prefer soccer, 15 boys prefer tennis, 35 girls prefer tennis. How many total students prefer soccer? — 50.30 boys + 20 girls = 50 total soccer-preferring students.
From the same table (above): what is the grand total number of students? — 100.30 + 20 + 15 + 35 = 100 total students.
From the same table: what fraction of boys prefer soccer? — 30/45.Total boys = 30 + 15 = 45. Soccer boys = 30. Fraction = 30/45 = 2/3.
From the table (60 adults own cats, 40 don't; 30 teens own cats, 70 don't): What is the joint frequency of teens who don't own cats? — 70.The joint frequency is the raw count: 70 teens don't own cats.
Two-way tables help identify which of the following? — Patterns between two categorical variables.Two-way tables reveal patterns and associations between two categorical variables by comparing frequencies.