Grade 9 Functions — Introduction Practice — Medium

Question 1 of 34Score 0/0Medium

Question 1 of 34: If f(x) = x² − 1, find f(3).

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Keep going: Read the lesson: Domain, Range & Function Notation Unit Rate & Ratio Solver Line Grapher (y = mx + b)
Answer key for parents & teachers (34 questions)
  1. If f(x) = x² − 1, find f(3).8. f(3) = 9 − 1 = 8.
  2. What is the domain of g(x) = 1/(x − 3)?x ≠ 3. The denominator x−3 cannot equal zero. Domain: x ≠ 3.
  3. If f(x) = 3x − 2, find f(a + 1).3a + 1. f(a+1) = 3(a+1) − 2 = 3a + 3 − 2 = 3a + 1.
  4. Is the relation {(1,2), (2,3), (1,4)} a function?No — input 1 maps to two outputs. Input 1 maps to both 2 and 4 — not a function (violates the "exactly one output" rule).
  5. What is the domain of h(x) = √(x + 5)?x ≥ −5. Radicand must be ≥ 0: x + 5 ≥ 0 → x ≥ −5.
  6. If f(x) = 2x + 1 and g(x) = x − 3, find (f + g)(x).3x − 2. (f+g)(x) = f(x)+g(x) = (2x+1)+(x−3) = 3x−2.
  7. If f(x) = 5, what is the range?{5}. f(x) = 5 is a constant function. The output is always 5, so range = {5}.
  8. If f(x) = |x|, what is the domain and range?Domain: all reals, Range: y ≥ 0. |x| is defined for all real x (domain: all reals). The absolute value is never negative (range: y ≥ 0).
  9. Find the equation of the line through (0, 5) with slope 2.y = 2x + 5. Using slope-intercept: y = mx + b with m=2, b=5 (given point is the y-intercept). y = 2x + 5.
  10. What is the x-intercept of y = 3x − 9?x = 3. Set y = 0: 0 = 3x − 9 → x = 3.
  11. Write the equation through (2, 5) with slope 3 using point-slope form.y − 5 = 3(x − 2). Point-slope: y − y₁ = m(x − x₁) → y − 5 = 3(x − 2).
  12. What is the slope of a vertical line?Undefined. Vertical lines have undefined slope (division by zero in Δy/Δx when Δx = 0).
  13. If line A has slope 2, a perpendicular line has slope:−1/2. Perpendicular slopes are negative reciprocals: −1/m = −1/2.
  14. Convert 3x − 4y = 12 to slope-intercept form.y = (3/4)x − 3. −4y = −3x + 12 → y = (3/4)x − 3.
  15. A rate of change of −3 means:Output decreases by 3 per unit input. Slope = rate of change. −3 means as x increases by 1, y decreases by 3.
  16. Which form makes it easiest to find the slope and y-intercept directly?Slope-intercept y=mx+b. In y = mx + b, slope m and y-intercept b are immediately visible without any algebra.
  17. For y = 3, 9, 27, 81, … what is the common ratio?3. Each term is multiplied by 3. Common ratio = 3. This is a geometric sequence with exponential growth.
  18. The second differences of y = 2, 5, 10, 17, 26 are:2, 2, 2. First diffs: 3, 5, 7, 9. Second diffs: 2, 2, 2. Constant second differences → quadratic.
  19. Population doubles every year. Starting at 100, after 4 years:1600. 100 × 2⁴ = 100 × 16 = 1600.
  20. For f(x) = x² and g(x) = 2ˣ, which has a higher value at x = 10?g(10) = 1024. g(10) = 2¹⁰ = 1024 > f(10) = 100.
  21. A bacteria culture grows linearly, adding 50 per hour. Starting at 200, after 6 hours?500. Linear growth: 200 + 50(6) = 200 + 300 = 500.
  22. Which function type has a constant RATIO of consecutive terms?Exponential. Exponential: consecutive terms have a constant ratio (common ratio r). Linear has constant differences.
  23. Identify by first differences: x: 0,1,2,3; y: 1, 3, 9, 27.Exponential. First diffs: 2, 6, 18 — not constant. Ratios: 3/1=3, 9/3=3, 27/9=3 — constant ratio 3. Exponential.
  24. Which function type can model compound interest?Exponential. Compound interest: A = P(1+r)ⁿ — this is exponential in n (number of periods).
  25. If y = 8 when x = 2 (direct variation), find y when x = 7.28. k = 8/2 = 4. y = 4x. When x=7: y = 28.
  26. If y = 6 when x = 3 (inverse variation), find y when x = 9.2. k = xy = 6·3 = 18. y = 18/x. When x=9: y = 2.
  27. In an inverse variation, xy = 30. What is y when x = 6?5. y = 30/x = 30/6 = 5.
  28. The graph of direct variation y = kx is:A straight line through origin. y = kx is a linear function (degree 1) passing through the origin.
  29. The graph of inverse variation y = k/x is:A hyperbola with two branches. y = k/x graphs as a rectangular hyperbola with branches in quadrants 1 and 3 (if k > 0).
  30. Does y = 3x + 1 represent direct variation?No — direct variation requires y-intercept = 0. Direct variation y = kx has NO constant term. y = 3x + 1 has b = 1 ≠ 0, so it is NOT direct variation.
  31. Earnings and hours worked at a fixed wage show which type?Direct — earnings = wage × hours. Earnings = k × hours (k = hourly wage). This is direct variation.
  32. In direct variation, the ratio y/x is always:Equal to k (constant). y = kx → y/x = k. The ratio is always the constant of variation.
  33. In inverse variation, the product xy is always:Equal to k (constant). y = k/x → xy = k. The product is always the constant of variation.
  34. If y varies directly with x and the graph passes through (4, 20), what is the equation?y = 5x. k = y/x = 20/4 = 5. Equation: y = 5x.